The highest mountain in the world is Everest (Jomalangma). Description and photo. All about Mount Everest What is the maximum height of Mount Everest
Mount Everest, other names Chomolungma (Chomolungma) or Sagarmatha, the highest peak in the world. Its height has been repeatedly measured recently. Therefore, even in official materials there are three sets of numbers: 8848 m, 8850 m, 8844 m. The first of them is firmly embedded in our memory. The latter was given by measurements from the Chinese side.
This question is not easy, because we are talking about the height of the highest mountain on Earth. And it is very correct that the parties concerned agreed to conditionally consider the height equal to 8848 meters in the near future.
Where does the British name come from?
The Himalayas is a very old word, the Indo-Aryans have called and called the highest mountains of the world for more than one thousand years. Maybe someone has already given a name to the highest peak of this mountainous country? Maybe it will open up in time.
Geologists believe that Everest began to form 60 million years ago, when the Indian platform began to run into the Eurasian one. Himalayas and others mountainous areas Central Asia are recognized as young mountains.
In the late 40s of the 19th century, English surveyors measured the height of the peaks located on the border of Tibet and Nepal. It was part of a larger effort to map the outskirts of Britain's Indian possessions and part of a "great game" against the Asian expansion rival, the Russian Empire. For a long time, for several years, materials were processed, only in 1856 a report appeared, which contained information that the peak at number XV reaches a height of 29002 feet or 8840 meters. It must be said that at that time neither Nepal nor Tibet allowed foreigners into their territory at that time. Therefore, the measurements were carried out from a distance of 170 -190 km, from the tops of the border mountains. The error in this case is determined within 300 meters. So the accuracy was almost unbelievable.
An unambiguous local name, like, say, Kanchenjunga, was not found by English surveyors. They searched badly, they just really wanted to call the peak by its name. However, this could not be done without long discussions. Years passed, and only in 1865, the head of geodetic services, Andrew Waugh, managed to agree with the Royal Geographical Society to give the peak the name Mount Everest. In honor of the merits of one of the most outstanding explorers in this region, George Everest (1790 - 1866).
George Everest arrived in India in 1806. At first he was an artillery cadet, then he was sent to the geodetic service. In 1818 Everest became assistant director, and in 1823 director of the Great Trigonometrical Survey. It was under his leadership that in the next 20 years an unprecedented action for those times was carried out on the geodetic survey of Hindustan from the extreme South to the Pamirs. It was an outstanding work, a real breakthrough in the development of practical geodesy. So the name of the peak was given in honor of a worthy person.
It's funny that John Everest himself was of Welsh origin and called himself Ivrist. But the mountain in English transcription immediately began to be called Everist. For the whole world, who does not speak English well, she began to be called Everest .., which, with a certain stretch, can be called "always resting." Again, it is interesting that George himself had the nickname "Neverest" - "never resting."
Note that Everest himself in 1857 took part in a meeting about the names and spoke out against the use of his name. In his opinion, the name does not correspond well to local languages and cannot be assimilated by the natives.
Results of cartographic works
and process
Or maybe Gaurizankar?
The Schlaginweit brothers are real knights of science
In 1862, the German traveler geographer Hermann Schlaginweit, after returning from Tibet, announced in Berlin that this peak has a local name Gaurizankar. I must say that this message was favorably received by the world scientific community, which did not quite agree with the fact that the highest peak in the world was so easily given an English name. Gradually, the name Gaurizankar became generally accepted, almost everyone agreed with this. Even in England. An ardent supporter of the statement in the name of the local name was Douglas Freshfield, the greatest authority in geography and mountaineering.
Freshfield was the first climber in the Caucasus (1868). In 1899 he conducted the first Himalayan expedition "Around Kanchenjunga". Together with Clinton Dent, he was the first to voice the idea of the possibility and necessity of climbing Everest. But he called him Gaurizankar for a long time...
However, the specialists of the Indian Trigonometric Service did not give up. They stood their ground and had an advantage: the game took place "on their field and by their rules." At the beginning of the 20th century, special studies were carried out, which provided the facts that Gaurizankar is a completely different peak. The age-old confrontation between the British and the Germans, which escalated at the beginning of the century, led to the fact that the matter also acquired a political character. On the eve of the World War, England fully adopted the name "Everest".
Francis Younghusband, the famous explorer-traveler, took the Everest initiative into his reliable hands in the 20th century ...
And the final victory on a global scale occurred in the early 1920s, when the British expeditions hit the front pages of newspapers and the name became known to every cultured person. Although at the same time it became clear to almost everyone that the peak has a name, and it was long before the arrival of the British. Tibetans and Sherpas called the mountain Chomolungma. Moreover, this name was known in Europe. On the maps made by French preachers at the end of the 18th century, there was the name Chumulankma. The London geographers could not have been unaware of this!
"Call me Chomolungma!"
So the struggle continued on and continues now. The point of view of opponents of English names in the 20th century was supported by the national liberation forces of India. At a meeting of their Congress (Parliament), they ridiculed the British, not wanting any mercy for the outgoing "big brother". And the Chinese communists, together with their Soviet comrades-in-arms, preferred the Tibetan word Chomolungma (in ours) or Chomolungma (in theirs, which is more correct). This is how our geography textbooks called the top of the world. Under this name, Tenzing Norgay recognized her as a boy, as the Sherpas and Tibetans living in the district call her.
However, the climbing world as a whole continues to use the name Everest... However, the game continues. "Call me Chomolungma!" Appellez my Chomolungma! - such a slogan was put forward in 2002 in France. He did not have a great response and joined the general outline of the public struggle for the preservation of the identity of Tibet. It has the character of an anti-Chinese company. But for the French (I wonder if they read it as "Chomolyungma") and a bit anti-English.
A little later, another name appeared: Sagarmatha. It was already introduced by the Nepalese authorities. They picked a suitable Hindu-sounding word for the occasion. Sagarmatha is called the highest peak of the world, official Nepalese documents, as it is called national park organized at its foot.
The Sherpa people, inhabiting the foot of the Mountain, accepted all three names with philosophical calmness. After all, human language is a process. And any object is called the way people call it. In this case, Everest is 80 percent Everest, and only the remaining 20 percent is Chomolungma, and almost zero is Sagarmatha. After all, his name is pronounced, first of all, by climbers. Or in the context of mountaineering .... And it is with the word Everest that the whole dramatic history of struggle and victories is connected, the history of Mallory and Irwin, Tenzing and Hillary, Messner and Bonington, Myslovsky and Balyberdin, many and many others ....
The story that made the mountain come alive.
Greetings my inquisitive readers, or as they say in China "Nihao". You are probably wondering why I suddenly spoke in Chinese? Everything is simple! Today I would like to tell you about the most beautiful and at the same time dangerous Mount Everest.
Everest, or as the locals call it Chomolungma, is considered the highest point on earth above sea level. There are so many legends and stories around this amazing peak that you yourself begin to think “maybe I should risk conquering Everest?”
I’ll tell dreamers and just adventurers right away that even among trained professional climbers, not everyone dares to climb Chomolungma. It is only in photographs and videos that climbers smile with happiness, standing among the never-melting ice. In reality, this is an extremely life-threatening occupation. Only one attempt to climb Everest out of ten is successful. In other cases, many simply turn back when a few tens of meters remain to the top.
Everest height above sea level
Everything from the fact that the last meters are the most difficult and dangerous, and few dare to risk their lives once again. The height of Everest above sea level, according to officially accepted data, is 8848 meters, but disputes are still ongoing. China, for example, believes that the height of the highest mountain in the world is four meters less. They measured without taking into account the ice cap.
But the Americans established with the help of navigation instruments that Everest is two meters higher, the Italians, in general, consider the mountain to be eleven meters higher than the official figure. In general, while there are disputes, the official height remains the same. But every year, the mountain grows by several centimeters, due to the constant movement of lithospheric plates.
Chomolungma: some historical facts
It is known from history that Everest used to be the bottom of an ancient ocean. But due to the beginning of the movement of the titanic plates, when the Indian lithospheric plate collided with the Eurasian one, a large mountainous Himalayan range rose. And Everest was at the head of it. The plates keep shifting, so in the near future the mountain will only grow. Of course, if it had not been trampled down by hundreds of tourists trying to climb to the top, it would have grown faster. Kidding.
There are many fans in the world who dream of conquering this mysterious mountain at least once in their lives. But often their dreams are not destined to come true, and the main reason for this is. After all, a full-fledged expedition needs something around $ 100,000. And this is not counting the fact that health should be just perfect. At a minimum, you should be able to run 10 kilometers of cross-country skiing. Least.
The best time to climb Everest
Everest is part of a large chain of mountain ranges of the Himalayas. Everest itself is surrounded by younger brothers, so you can see the mountain in full glory only by climbing to the neighboring peaks.
In winter, the temperature at the peak of Everest can drop to -60 0 C. And in the summer, in the warmest month, July does not rise above -19 0 C. But spring is considered the most suitable season for climbing. In summer, there are frequent monsoon rains at the top. And in the fall it is already dangerous, due to the possible avalanches.
In which country is the highest mountain Everest located?
There were many disputes here, because Nepal and China were at enmity for a very long time, and when relative peace was established (although it looks more like an occupation than peace), it was decided to draw a border, just in the middle of the peak of Everest. Now officially the mountain is located on the territory of two states, and is equally considered the property of both countries. The southern part of Everest is located in Nepal and the northern part is in Tibet, an autonomous region of China.
Until the middle of the nineteenth century, the most high mountain considered Knchenjunga, but thanks to the Welsh mathematician George Everest, who proved that Everest is higher, the scientific world recognized this fact. The mountain was named after him.
Temperature at the top of Everest
In general, on Everest, let's say, it's not hot. The temperature there never rises above 0 degrees. The coldest month is January. This month, the average level of the thermometer is -36 degrees Celsius, and can drop to -60C. The warmest month is July. You can comfortably “warm up” at minus 19 degrees Celsius (average value).
Where is the most beautiful view of Everest?
To see how beautiful Everest is, you need to overcome several obstacles.
First is to climb to the top of Kalapattar.
It is from her that a view of the glacier opens, as if Everest rises above the whole world.
Second- choose a good time to shoot, because due to poor visibility, you can spend the whole day and not take a single photo. The weather in the mountains is constantly changing, and every minute here is worth its weight in gold.
Everest conquerors: the most famous records of the Earth
The first to climb the peak of Everest was the scientist Edmund Hillary, with him was his assistant Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, a local resident and guide.
The youngest conqueror of the peak is 13-year-old American Jordan Romnro. Of course, the Japanese also did not stand aside, and it was the Japanese who became the oldest conqueror - 80-year-old Yuchiro Miura
The list goes on, a variety of records were set on the roof of our world. From it they rolled on a snowboard, sent messages and photos to social media, and much more.
The one who put on a great freestyle snowboarding show was Marco Siffredi. Not to be confused with Rocko.
Look at the photos of both Mount Everest itself and its surroundings, which the Internet is full of, and you will understand why the mountain attracts travelers from all over the world so much. By the way, Yandex did something like a virtual tour of Everest.
In its significance, Everest can be compared, perhaps with, which is considered the deepest in the world.
Although Everest is considered the roof of the world, other mountains of considerable height are not far behind the mountain - Lhotse, which is its neighbor. And the famous volcano in Russia and Europe - which is also one of the seven largest peaks in the world.
What does above sea level mean?
Interesting question, right? Scientists several centuries ago considered that it would be more correct to measure the height of the land, starting from the sea line. It is convenient and there are no unnecessary questions. After all, everything above the sea line is land and animals and people can live on it, and what is below is the seabed. Of course, it is also from the earth, only people cannot live there.
So, any measurement of the height of mountains and various ranges is measured in this way, from sea level. If the reporting point were different, then Everest would no longer be the largest peak in the world. And its place would be taken by the famous Hawaiian volcano Mauna Kea, 4200 m high, going down another 6000 meters. Count for yourself.
The unusual story of conquering the summit of Everest
At times civil war in, many centuries ago, when a brother went to his brother, one young guy fell in love with a beautiful girl, but they were not destined to be together due to the fact that their families were enemies. The girl liked the guy too. After all, he was brave and strong, and most importantly, he did not retreat from his love. Despite prohibitions and enmity, he fought for his beloved.
But, unfortunately, the couple in love found out about their relationship and decided to forcibly marry the girl and take her to her husband in another village. The girl managed to convey a message to her lover about this event. And the guy in love decided to steal his beloved and run away from the enmity and war that was imposed on them.
On the day when the wedding ceremony was to take place, the bride was transported in a special wagon to the place where the groom was waiting. But on the way, a guy in love caught up with the wagon and extorted escort, took his girlfriend, and they galloped as far as possible. But here failure awaited them, since the horse could not carry two for a long time, so it quickly ran out of steam. And at this time, a chase was sent for the fugitives.
And when the lovers were already catching up, the girl began to pray for their salvation. God, having heard such a sincere request to save his beloved, decided to help. Suddenly, a strong whirlwind rose under the couple, and carried them to the foot of Mount Chomolungma.
And since then the highlanders who live in the very sacred place, believe that they were chosen by the gods. Therefore, traditions are still sacredly honored.
How much does it cost to conquer Everest?
Anyone who has read about Everest knows that traveling is not cheap. And with average estimates, it will cost $ 100,000, or even more. Most of this amount will go to the fee that every tourist who wants to conquer the highest mountain pays. It is $35,000 and is revised every year.
Of course, many of you will be outraged, "robbery" and so on. But even with such numbers, there are enough applicants, and every year their number is growing. But every climber conquering Everest leaves behind mountains of garbage, and who will clean it up. After all, you can’t deliver transport to the mountain, because the air is very rarefied. And not every person dares to get up and clean up dirty tourists.
Of course, most of the equipment becomes unusable or simply unnecessary, for example, used oxygen tanks, and it is very difficult to carry the extra load to the top. After all, with every kilometer it becomes more difficult to go, and weight matters when you climb the peak.
For each person, the rise can last in different ways, from a month to 4. It all depends on the state of your health and the experience of climbing other mountain peaks.
Well, if you still dare to go on an expedition, then learn in advance everything about the mountain itself and the payment for additional services of guides and guides, this is not counting the porters and the climbing equipment itself. Make an estimate of the ascent, and go!
Good luck in conquering Everest and remember the wisdom of the highlanders living there for many generations: “Everest has a soul, it honors the attitude and character of the person who decided to conquer it. And if you do it only out of vanity, the mountain will never submit to you!”.
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Everyone knows about the existence of the highest point of Everest from school. About where, in which country Everest is located and what Interesting Facts connected with the peak, we will find out today.
The mountain has another name - Chomolungma, it is part of the Himalayan mountain system. Since Everest is located right on the border of Nepal with China, it is difficult to name the exact location. The peculiarity of the steepest southern slope of the mountain is the shape of a trihedral pyramid. There is an opinion that the highest peak is located on the territory of the Tibet Autonomous Region and belongs to China.
The history of the origin of the name of the mountain
Mount Everest bears the name of an Englishman who studied the geodesy of this area. The second name - Chomolungma - comes from the expression "qomo mal lung" common in Tibet, which means "Divine mother of life."
Interestingly, the highest peak on Earth has a third name: Sagarmatha. Translated from the Nepali language, it sounds like "Mother of the Gods." Such names confirm that the ancient inhabitants of Nepal and Tibet associated a high mountain with the manifestation of a higher deity.
According to the official version, the height of Everest, including glacial deposits, is 8848 m above sea level. At the same time, pure rock rises to 8844 m in height.
The first conquerors
For the first time, Everest was conquered by a resident of New Zealand E. Hillary and a Sherpa, local resident environs of Chomolungma T. Norgey. The first ascent took place in 1953. Then the era of numerous records set when conquering the highest peak began:
- climbing the most difficult route;
- climbing the summit without oxygen tanks;
- age records of conquerors, etc.
How to conquer Everest?
Knowing where Everest is located, we can conclude that the path to the top is not quite easy, as it might seem at once. Opportunities to conquer the summit will have to wait several years after pre-registration in the queue.
The easiest way to make your dream come true is the opportunity to join expeditions, which are formed by specialized commercial firms with the organization of training, the provision of special equipment, and security when climbing to the top.
The authorities of China and Nepal are using the potential conquerors of Everest as a source of good income. For example, the cost of the passage to the foot of the mountain with subsequent permission and climbing Everest is about 60 thousand dollars.
There are many who want to conquer the highest peak in the world. However, you need to evaluate your abilities realistically. In fact, this is within the power of people who have special skills and experience in climbing high mountains.
Air
At the top of Everest, there is low pressure, so there is 3 times less oxygen there than at a normal height. Climbers have to take oxygen tanks with them so as not to suffocate. But in 1980, the athlete Reinhold Messner managed to climb to the top without them and alone, and then successfully descended back.
Spiders
But the mountain spiders Euophrys omnisuperstes have enough oxygen here. Their other name is Himalayan jumping spiders. They live only here, at an altitude of up to 6700 meters, and feed on insects that accidentally got here because of the wind. Constantly low pressure and minimum oxygen content, apart from them, only a few species of birds can withstand.
Trash
Climbers annually left behind 50 tons of garbage, and practically not decomposing: these are used oxygen cylinders, and broken climbing equipment, and household garbage. Nepal decided to fight this and forced each summit climber to bring back at least 8 kilograms of waste in exchange for a deposit left earlier - $ 4,000.
Locals and climbers
From time to time, conflicts arise between the Nepalese and the conquerors of the mountains. For example, in 2013, it even came to a fight when the locals said that the ascent could cause an avalanche. The climbers, in turn, denied these statements. It came to death threats, and the Nepalese military had to intervene, reconciling both sides.
Record
Apa Sherpa has climbed the summit 21 times. He did this not only for the sake of the views from there, but also for the sake of tracking the effects of global warming. He noted that due to the melting of snow and ice, climbing is becoming more dangerous.
Popularity
On May 19, 2012, despite bad weather conditions, at the foot of the mountain there was a huge line of people who wanted to climb Everest. They had to wait 2 hours for their turn. That day, 234 people went upstairs and four died.
Connection
Kenton Cool first tweeted from the summit of Everest in 2011. Then he managed to catch a weak 3G signal. And already in 2013, for the first time, the climber managed to call from the peak. The Nepalese authorities later announced that this was done illegally.
Nepal is lucky to have unusual sights. Not only is the country known as the birthplace of the Buddha; here is the majority of the highest peaks of the world, 8 of the 14 "eight-thousanders". Among them is the highest mountain on the planet - Everest.
She is also known under the name "Chomolungma": translated from Tibetan - "Divine Mother of Life". The international name "Everest" was given to the mountain in honor of Sir George Everest, the head of the British India Geodetic Survey, simply because it was the employees of this institution who first measured the height of Chomolungma in 1852, proving that its Peak XV is the highest in the region and, probably, in the whole world. .
Clickable 8000 px
During all these years of climbing Everest, more than 200 people died, and only the bodies of a few were lowered from the top. The rest are buried in meter-long snow or are exposed by the winds and "meet" other climbers on the way to the top. These are the laws of Everest: the higher the height, the less humanity remains in people. More than once it happened that the rising group could help those in trouble, but to help means to complete the campaign, to abandon the dream. Many passed by, and when they walked back, help was no longer required.
Vladimir Vysotsky has a song “Only mountains can be better than mountains”, and this is true. The only exception is Chomolungma. What is experienced by a climber who has conquered the main peak in his life? Joy or disappointment, from the fact that the main goal has been achieved, and then there will be “smaller” mountains?!
Initially, the peak was not considered the highest in the world, according to the results of the first topographic survey (1823-1843), it was included in the classifier as the “XV” peak (Dhualagiri was the leader in this list). And only after the second topographic survey (1845-1850) everything fell into place.
AT 1921 year, the first expedition to Chomolungma with the aim of reconnaissance of the ascent route from the north, from Tibet. Based on intelligence data, the British, under the leadership of Mallory, stormed the summit in 1922, but the monsoon, snowfall and lack of experience in high-altitude ascents did not give them the opportunity to make the ascent.
AT 1924 year - the third expedition to Chomolungma. The group spent the night at an altitude of 8125 m, the next day one of the participants (Norton) reached a height of 8527 m, but was forced to return. A few days later, a second attempt was made to storm along the northeastern ridge (Mallory, Irvine using oxygen cylinders), the climbers did not return, there is still an opinion that they could be at the top of Chomolungma.
Subsequent pre-war expeditions to the area did not bring new results.
AT 1952 year - the Swiss expedition went to storm Everest from the south. Twice in 1952 Lambert and Norgay Tenzing climbed above 8000 meters, but on both occasions the weather forced them to turn.
AT 1953 year - an English expedition led by Colonel Hunt went under Everest (Chomolungma), they were also joined by New Zealand climbers, one of whom was E. Hillary, they were supposed to help the British cross the Khumbu icefall, Norgey Tenzing Sherpa was included in the assault group . There is a legend that the conquest of Everest was prepared as a gift to Queen Elizabeth II on her coronation day.
On May 27, the first two - the British Evans and Bourdillon reached the southern peak, where they left oxygen and a tent for the next assault group.
BUT May 29, 1953 Sherpa Norgay Tenzing and New Zealander Edmund Hillary reached the summit.
May 8, 1978 R. Messner and P. Habeler made what was considered impossible - the first ascent of Everest without oxygen. Messner described his feelings as follows: “In a state of spiritual abstraction, I no longer belonged to myself, to my vision. I am nothing more than a lone panting lung floating above mists and peaks.
The first ascent of Soviet climbers on the most high peak Earth held in May 1982. The Soviet team of 9 people climbed to the top of Everest, along a very difficult, previously untraveled route along the southwestern wall.
Mount Everest - the height of Mount Everest is 8848 meters!
Mount Everest, is the highest mountain on earth. mountain height Everest 8,848 meters above sea level. The mountain is part of the Himalayan range in Asia and is located on the border of the countries: Nepal, Tibet and China. It is called Sagarmatha, Chomolungma. And in Nepal it is called Sagamantha, which means "goddess of the sky" and in Tibet - Chomolungma, which means "mother goddess of the universe."
In 1856, when a great trigonometric study was carried out, the height of Mount Everest was determined to be 8,840 meters, the mountain was known as Peak XV. And in 1865, on the recommendation of the British topographer Andrew Waugh, it was given the official name "Everest". He could not offer a suitable name for the mountain that would suit both Nepalese and Tibetans, so the decision was made to name it "Everest"
Mount Everest attracts climbers of all levels, experienced and inexperienced. These climbers come with money and are willing to pay mountain guides well for a successful ascent to the peak of the mountain. In the mountains, climbers always face various dangers, such as low temperature, altitude sickness, oxygen starvation and wind. Despite such a height, 2436 people stormed its peak of the mountain in the period up to 2007, 3679 ascents were made. This suggests that mountaineering is a very popular sport. And for the Nepalese a significant source of income. The government of Nepal requires you to pay $25,000 per person for a climbing permit. Mount Everest has already killed 210 people, including 8 people during a snow storm in 1996.
History of Mount Everest
Dating Mount Everest, first started in 1808 by the British. This was during the period of the great Trigonometric Survey of India. To determine the location and height of the mountain, they used giant theodolites weighing up to 500kg. They reached the foothills of the Himalayas in 1830. But the conditions were difficult due to weather conditions and diseases. The season of heavy rains and malaria began, but despite this they were forced to continue their observations. Three officers died of malaria, and two others had to retire due to deteriorating health.
And only in 1856 Andrey Waugh measured the height of Mount Everest. According to him, the height of the mountain was 8840 meters. They came to the conclusion that the mountain is the highest point in the world.
Their next task was to decide on the name of the peak, but they wanted to somehow keep the local names: Kanchenjung or Dhaulagiri. But Waugh claimed that he was unable to find any commonly used local name that appealed to both Nepalese and Tibetans. The most famous name of the mountain, which existed for several centuries, was Chomolungma. But Waugh argued that it would be difficult to find a consensus in favor of one particular name, and he proposed to name the peak XV George Everest. But George Everest himself was opposed to such a name for the peak. And another problem arose with the name George Everest. This name in Hindi was translated as "a native of India." However, this name still prevailed, despite all the objections. And in 1865, the name was officially adopted by the Royal Geographical Society as "Everest", the highest mountain in the world.
There are two main climbing routes: to the southeast ridge from Nepal and to the northeast ridge from Tibet. And there were many other routes, because of the huge height of Mount Everest and the complexity of climbing, they are rarely used. In 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay were the first to recognize fifteen routes to the summit of Mount Everest.
History of climbing the height of Mount Everest
In 1885, Clinton Thomas Dent, who was president of the Alpine Club, wrote in his book a description of climbing Mount Everest.
In 1921, the expedition was led by George Mallory. His first expedition was exploratory, not equipped for serious climbing. They were forced to descend the mountain due to their unpreparedness for the ascent.
In 1922, George Finch climbed using active oxygen, which showed the first excellent climbing speed of Everest 290 meters per hour. Then Mallory and Kol-Felix-Nordon made a second attempt to conquer the height. But seven people died on this expedition, they remained under the avalanche.
In 1924, George Mallory and Andrew Irvine attempted to climb the Northeast Ridge to the summit, but they never returned. In 1999, Mallory's body was discovered by a research expedition. This expedition achieved its goal, they conquered the height and climbed to the top of Everest.
In 1953, the ninth British expedition led by John Hunt began their ascent to the peak. They had to go back to Nepal. They made two passes. Tom Bourdillon and Charles Evans were the first pair to reach 100 meters and had to come back. Then the second run, two days later, went a pair of Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. They climbed to the summit and conquered the height of Everest on May 29, 1953 at 11:30 am, via the Southern route, stopped to unfurl the British flag and take pictures at the top of the peak, were buried in the snow before descending Everest,
In 1980, Reinhold Messner climbed to the heights for three days all alone, from the base camp at 6500 meters, He reached the mountain peak of Mount Everest, for the first time without supplemental oxygen.
1996 proved to be the deadliest year in the history of Mount Everest. Where, trying to descend from the top, as a result of conquering the height, fifteen people died.
In 2005, French pilot Didier Delsalle landed in a helicopter on top of Mount Everest.
In 2008, China paved 130 km of asphalt pavement on a dirt road from Tingri County to Everest Base Camp. It has become the most expensive road surface in the world. China Telecom, near the base camp, built a high cell tower that provides telephone coverage all the way to top of Mount Everest.
