Travelers who discovered new lands. The most famous travelers in the world. Russian travelers - explorers of the planet

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Great geographical travelers and their discoveries Completed by: Ilya Moshkin Pupil of the 6th grade of school No. 9, Divnogorsk

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Christopher Columbus (1451 - 1506) The navigator was born in Genoa. Appointed commander of the fleet in Spain. In 1492-1493 he led a Spanish expedition to find the shortest route to India. He returned to his homeland, but poverty and uncertainty awaited him there.

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Christopher Columbus On 3 caravels (Santa Maria, Pinta and Nina) crossed the Atlantic Ocean and reached about. San Selvador (official date of discovery of America October 12, 1492) An educated, well-read person. I mistakenly assumed that I had reached India.

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Significance of the expedition of Columbus Discovered America Sargasso Sea Bahamas Cuba Haiti Antilles Caribbean Sea

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Vasco da Gama (1469-1524) Portuguese navigator. In 1497-1499 he sailed from Lisbon to India, rounding Africa, and back, for the first time paving the sea route from Europe to South Asia. In 1524 he was appointed Viceroy of India. He died in India during the 3rd voyage. His ashes were transported to Portugal in 1538.

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Significance of Vasco da Gama's expedition Sailed from Lisbon to India Rounded Africa Paved the sea route from Europe to South Asia (India)

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Ferdinand Magellan (1480 - 1521) Portuguese warrior. He was forced to look for a service in a foreign land, in Spain. In a foreign country, he achieved the rank of commander of a flotilla. September 20, 1519 went on an expedition to the Spice Islands (India) from the west through the strait, which was about to open.

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The expedition left a flotilla of five ships with a crew of 265 people. The journey took three years. Magellan died in battle, intervening in an intertribal war, on April 27, 1521. Only the ship Victoria under the command of El Cano, having rounded Africa, returned to Spain on September 6, 1522.

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Significance of F. Magellan's Expedition The expedition went around the earth and confirmed its sphericity. For the first time, Europeans passed the "South Sea", which Magellan called the Pacific Ocean. Evidence has been obtained that the mainland of South America in the south has the shape of a wedge.

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James Cook (1728 - 79) English navigator who made 3 round-the-world expeditions. Born in the family of a day laborer, from the age of 7 he began to work with his father, at 13 he began to attend school. In June 1755 he enlisted in the British navy as a sailor. In 1762-1767, already in command of a ship, he surveyed the coast of Newfoundland.

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James Cook More than 20 geographical features are named after him, including three bays, two groups of islands and two straits. Cook's first circumnavigation lasted a little over 3 years; he was awarded the rank of captain of the 1st rank. Killed and eaten by the Hawaiians.

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Significance of the expedition of James Cook Discovered many islands in pacific ocean. Clarified the basic position of New Zealand. Discovered the Great Barrier Reef and the main position of Australia. Discovered the Hawaiian Islands and part of the coast of Alaska.

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Mikhail Lazarev (1788 -1851) Russian naval commander, admiral. He made 3 round-the-world expeditions, with F.F. Bellingshausen discovered Antarctica. In 1800 he was assigned to the Naval Cadet Corps. Participated in the battle of Trafalgar and in the war with Sweden

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Significance of Lazarev's expedition With Bellingshausen, he discovered Antarctica Sailed in the Atlantic, off the Antilles and in the Indian Ocean Participated in the Battle of Trafalgar and in the war with Sweden

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Thaddeus Bellingshausen (1778-1852) Russian navigator, admiral. Member of the 1st Russian round-the-world trip. Led the 1st Antarctic Expedition on the boats "Vostok" and "Mirny".

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Significance of Bellingshausen's expedition Discovered Antarctica in January 1820 Discovered several islands in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

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Nikolai Przhevalsky (1839-1888) Russian traveler, geographer, naturalist, explorer. In 1856 he entered the Academy of the General Staff. In 1867 he came to St. Petersburg, where he met with P.P. Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, who helped organize the Przhevalsky expedition

If we talk about the great travelers of our time, then it is impossible to ignore the unique talent of Fyodor Filippovich Konyukhov to conquer what, at first glance, is impossible to conquer. Today Konyukhov is the first of the best travelers on the planet, who conquered the North and South Poles, highest peaks world, seas and oceans. He has more than forty expeditions to the most inaccessible places on our planet.

A descendant of northern Pomors from the Arkhangelsk province was born on the shores of the Sea of Azov in the fishing village of Chkalovo. His irrepressible thirst for knowledge led to the fact that already at the age of 15, Fedor crossed the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov on a fishing rowing boat. It was the first step on the way to great achievements. Over the next twenty years, Konyukhov takes part in expeditions to the North and South Poles, conquers the highest peaks, makes four trips around the world, participates in a dog sled race, crosses the Atlantic Ocean fifteen times. In 2002, the traveler made a solo voyage across the Atlantic in a rowboat and set a record. More recently, on May 31, 2014, Konyukhov was met in Australia with several records at once. The famous Russian was the first to cross the Pacific Ocean from continent to continent. It cannot be said that Fedor Filippovich is a person fixated only on travel. In addition to the nautical school, the great traveler has the Belarusian Art School in Bobruisk and the Modern Humanitarian University in Moscow. In 1983, Fedor Konyukhov became the youngest member of the Union of Artists of the USSR. He is also the author of twelve books about his own experiences of overcoming the difficulties of wandering. At the end of the legendary passage across the Pacific Ocean, Konyukhov said that he was not going to stop there. He plans new projects: flying around the world in a balloon, sailing around the world in 80 days for the Jules Verne Cup on a keel yacht with a crew, diving into the Mariana Trench.

Bear Grylls

Today, this young English traveler, TV presenter and writer is known to an audience of millions thanks to the highest-rated TV show on the Discovery Channel. In October 2006, the program “Survive at all costs” began to air with his participation. The goal of the TV presenter is not only to entertain the viewer, but also to give valuable advice and recommendations that may come in handy in unforeseen situations.

Born Bear in the UK in a family of hereditary diplomats, he received an excellent education at the elite Ladgrove School and the University of London. Parents did not interfere with their son's passion for sailing, rock climbing and martial arts. But the future traveler received endurance and survival skills in the army, where he mastered skydiving and mountaineering. These skills helped him subsequently achieve his cherished goal - the conquest of Everest. This event took place at the very end of the last century, in 1998. Bear Grylls has just irrepressible energy. The list of his travels is huge. From 2000 to 2007 he sailed around the British Isles in thirty days to raise funds for the British Royal Society for Water Rescue; crossed the North Atlantic in an inflatable boat; flew over the Angel Falls on a steam-powered plane, dined in a balloon at an altitude of more than seven thousand meters; paragliding over the Himalayas... In 2008, the traveler led an expedition organized to climb one of the most remote unclimbed peaks in Antarctica. Almost all of the expeditions Grylls participates in are charitable.

If you think that long journeys are the prerogative of the strong half of humanity, then you are deeply mistaken. And this was proved by the young American Abby Sunderland, who at the age of 16 alone made a round-the-world trip on a yacht. Interestingly, Abby's parents not only allowed her to make such a risky venture, but also helped to prepare for it. It should be noted that the girl's father is a professional sailor.

January 23, 2010 the yacht left the port of Marina Del Rey, in California. Unfortunately, the first voyage was unsuccessful. The second attempt took place on 6 February. Very soon, Abby reported damage to the yacht's hull and engine failure. At that time she was between Australia and Africa, 2 thousand miles from the coast. After that, the connection with the girl was interrupted, and nothing was known about her. The search operation was unsuccessful, and Abby was declared missing. However, a month later, a distress signal was received from the yacht from the southern part of the Indian Ocean. After 11 hours of searching by Australian rescuers in a severe storm, a yacht was discovered in which, fortunately, Abby was safe and sound. A large supply of food and water helped her survive. The girl said that all the time after the last communication session she had to overcome the storm, and she physically could not get in touch and send a radiogram. Abby's example inspires the brave in spirit to test their abilities and not stop there.

One of the most original travelers of our time spent thirteen years of his life on his unusual trip around the world. The non-standard situation was that Jason refused the achievements of civilization in the form of any kind of technology. The former British janitor went on his world tour with a bicycle, a boat and… roller skates!

The expedition started from Greenwich in 1994. The 27-year-old Lewis chose his friend Steve Smith as his partners. In February 1995, the travelers reached the United States. After 111 days of sailing, the friends decided to cross the states separately. In 1996, rollerblading Lewis is hit by a car. He spent nine months in the hospital. After recovering, Lewis goes to Hawaii, and from there on a pedal boat sails to Australia. In the Solomon Islands, he hit the epicenter civil war, and off the coast of Australia he was attacked by an alligator. Upon arriving in Australia, Lewis cuts short the trip due to financial difficulties and works for a short time at a funeral home and sells T-shirts. In 2005, he moved to Singapore, from there to China, from which he moved to India. Having traveled the country on a bicycle, the Briton reaches Africa by March 2007. The remainder of the Lewis route passes through Europe. He cycled through Romania, Bulgaria, Austria, Germany and Belgium, then crossed the English Channel and returned to London in October 2007, completing his unique trip around the world. James Lewis proved to the whole world and to himself that there is no limit to human capabilities.

Without the Russian pioneers, the map of the world would be completely different. Our compatriots - travelers and navigators - have made discoveries that have enriched world science. About the eight most notable - in our material.

Bellingshausen's first Antarctic expedition

In 1819, the navigator, captain of the 2nd rank, Thaddeus Bellingshausen led the first Antarctic expedition around the world. The purpose of the voyage was to explore the waters of the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans, as well as to prove or disprove the existence of the sixth continent - Antarctica. Having equipped two sloops - "Mirny" and "Vostok" (under the command), Bellingshausen's detachment went to sea.

The expedition lasted 751 days and wrote many bright pages in the history of geographical discoveries. The main one - - was made on January 28, 1820.

By the way, attempts to open the white mainland were made earlier, but did not bring the desired success: there was not enough luck, or maybe Russian perseverance.

So, the navigator James Cook, summing up his second circumnavigation, wrote: “I went around the ocean of the southern hemisphere in high latitudes and rejected the possibility of the existence of a mainland, which, if it can be found, is only near the pole in places inaccessible to navigation.”

During the Antarctic expedition of Bellingshausen, more than 20 islands were discovered and mapped, sketches were made of the views of Antarctica and the animals living on it, and the navigator himself went down in history as a great discoverer.

“The name of Bellingshausen can be directly put on a par with the names of Columbus and Magellan, with the names of those people who did not retreat before the difficulties and imaginary impossibilities created by their predecessors, with the names of people who went their own way, and therefore were the destroyers of barriers to discoveries, by which epochs are designated, ”wrote the German geographer August Petermann.

Discoveries of Semenov Tien-Shansky

Central Asia at the beginning of the 19th century was one of the least explored areas of the globe. An indisputable contribution to the study of the "unknown land" - as geographers called Central Asia - was made by Peter Semenov.

In 1856, the main dream of the researcher came true - he went on an expedition to the Tien Shan.

“My work on Asian geography led me to a detailed acquaintance with everything that was known about inner Asia. In particular, the most central of the Asian mountain ranges, the Tien Shan, beckoned me to itself, on which the foot of a European traveler had not yet set foot and which was known only from scarce Chinese sources.

Semenov's research in Central Asia lasted two years. During this time, the sources of the Chu, Syrdarya and Sary-Jaz rivers, the peaks of Khan-Tengri and others were put on the map.

The traveler established the location of the Tien Shan ranges, the height of the snow line in this area and discovered the huge Tien Shan glaciers.

In 1906, by decree of the emperor, for the merits of the discoverer, they began to add a prefix to his surname - Tien Shan.

Asia Przewalski

In the 70s-80s. XIX century Nikolai Przhevalsky led four expeditions to Central Asia. This little explored area has always attracted the researcher, and traveling to Central Asia was his old dream.

Over the years of research, mountain systems have been studied Kun-Lun , the ranges of Northern Tibet, the sources of the Yellow River and the Yangtze, basins Kuku-burrow and Lob-burrow.

Przhevalsky was the second person after Marco Polo to reach lakes-bogs Lob-burrow!

In addition, the traveler discovered dozens of species of plants and animals that are named after him.

“Happy fate made it possible to make a feasible study of the least known and most inaccessible countries of inner Asia,” Nikolai Przhevalsky wrote in his diary.

Around the world Krusenstern

The names of Ivan Kruzenshtern and Yuri Lisyansky became known after the first Russian round-the-world expedition.

For three years, from 1803 to 1806. - this is how long the first circumnavigation of the world lasted - the ships "Nadezhda" and "Neva", having passed through the Atlantic Ocean, rounded Cape Horn, and then reached Kamchatka by the waters of the Pacific Ocean, Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. The expedition refined the map of the Pacific Ocean, collected information about the nature and inhabitants of Kamchatka and the Kuriles.

During the voyage, Russian sailors crossed the equator for the first time. This event was celebrated, according to tradition, with the participation of Neptune.

A sailor dressed as the ruler of the seas asked Kruzenshtern why he had come here with his ships, because the Russian flag had not been seen in these places before. To which the expedition commander replied: "For the glory of science and our fatherland!"

Expedition of Nevelskoy

Admiral Gennady Nevelskoy is rightfully considered one of the outstanding navigators of the 19th century. In 1849, on the transport ship Baikal, he went on an expedition to the Far East.

The Amur expedition continued until 1855, during which time Nevelskoy made several major discoveries in the area of the lower reaches of the Amur and the northern shores of the Sea of Japan, and annexed vast expanses of the Amur and Primorye to Russia.

Thanks to the navigator, it became known that Sakhalin is an island that is separated by the navigable Tatar Strait, and the mouth of the Amur is accessible for ships to enter from the sea.

In 1850, the Nikolaevsky post was founded by the Nevelsky detachment, which today is known as Nikolaevsk-on-Amur.

“The discoveries made by Nevelsky are invaluable for Russia,” wrote Count Nikolai Muravyov-Amursky , - many previous expeditions to these lands could achieve European fame, but not one of them achieved domestic benefit, at least to the extent that Nevelskoy did it.

North Vilkitsky

The purpose of the hydrographic expedition of the Arctic Ocean in 1910-1915. was the development of the Northern Sea Route. By chance, the captain of the 2nd rank Boris Vilkitsky assumed the duties of the head of navigation. The icebreaking ships Taimyr and Vaygach put to sea.

Vilkitsky moved through the northern waters from east to west, and during the voyage he managed to compile a true description of the northern coast of Eastern Siberia and many islands, received the most important information about currents and climate, and also became the first who made a through voyage from Vladivostok to Arkhangelsk.

The expedition members discovered the Land of Emperor Nicholas I. I., known today as Novaya Zemlya - this discovery is considered the last of the significant ones on the globe.

In addition, thanks to Vilkitsky, the islands of Maly Taimyr, Starokadomsky and Zhokhov were put on the map.

At the end of the expedition, the First World War. Traveler Roald Amundsen, having learned about the success of Vilkitsky's voyage, could not resist exclaiming to him:

“In peacetime, this expedition would stir up the whole world!”

Kamchatka campaign of Bering and Chirikov

The second quarter of the 18th century was rich in geographical discoveries. All of them were made during the First and Second Kamchatka expeditions, which immortalized the names of Vitus Bering and Alexei Chirikov.

During the First Kamchatka campaign, Bering, the leader of the expedition, and his assistant Chirikov explored and mapped the Pacific coast of Kamchatka and Northeast Asia. They discovered two peninsulas - Kamchatsky and Ozerny, Kamchatsky Bay, Karaginsky Bay, Cross Bay, Providence Bay and St. Lawrence Island, as well as the strait, which today bears the name of Vitus Bering.

Companions - Bering and Chirikov - also led the Second Kamchatka Expedition. The goal of the campaign was to find a route to North America and explore the islands of the Pacific.

In Avacha Bay, the expedition members founded the Petropavlovsk prison - in honor of the ships of the voyage "Saint Peter" and "Saint Pavel" - which was later renamed Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

When the ships set sail for the shores of America, by the will of evil fate, Bering and Chirikov began to act alone - because of the fog, their ships lost each other.

"Saint Peter" under the command of Bering reached the western coast of America.

And on the way back, the expedition members, who had many difficulties, were thrown by a storm onto a small island. Here the life of Vitus Bering ended, and the island on which the expedition members stopped to spend the winter was named after Bering.
"Saint Pavel" Chirikov also reached the shores of America, but for him the voyage ended more safely - on the way back he discovered a number of islands of the Aleutian ridge and safely returned to the Peter and Paul prison.

"Non-Yasak Lands" by Ivan Moskvitin

Little is known about the life of Ivan Moskvitin, but this man nevertheless went down in history, and the reason for this was the new lands he discovered.

In 1639, Moskvitin, leading a detachment of Cossacks, set sail for the Far East. The main goal of the travelers was to "find new unclaimed lands", to collect furs and fish. The Cossacks crossed the rivers Aldan, Maya and Yudoma, discovered the Dzhugdzhur ridge, which separates the rivers of the Lena basin from the rivers flowing into the sea, and along the Ulya river they entered the Lamskoye, or Sea of Okhotsk. Having explored the coast, the Cossacks opened the Taui Bay and entered the Sakhalin Bay, rounding the Shantar Islands.

One of the Cossacks said that the rivers in the open lands “are sable, there are a lot of animals, and fish, and the fish is big, there is no such thing in Siberia ... there are so many of them - just run a net and you can’t drag it out with fish ... ".

The geographical data collected by Ivan Moskvitin formed the basis of the first map of the Far East.

The great geographical discoveries are the most important period in the history of mankind from the end of the 15th to the middle of the 16th centuries. The brave pioneers of Spain and Portugal opened up new lands to the Western world, thereby laying the foundation for the development of new trade routes and connections between continents.

The beginning of the period of great geographical discoveries

Throughout the existence of the human race, many important discoveries were made, but only those that took place in the 16th and 17th centuries entered history under the name "great". The fact is that neither before this period of time, nor after it, none of the travelers and explorers could repeat the success of the medieval discoverers.

Geographical discovery is understood as the discovery of new, previously unexplored geographical objects or patterns. It can be a part of the earth or a whole continent, a water basin or a strait, the existence of which on Earth was not suspected by civilized mankind.

Rice. 1. Middle Ages.

But why did the Great geographical discoveries become possible precisely between the 15th and 17th centuries?

The following factors contributed to this:

active development of various crafts and trade;
the growth of European cities;
the need for precious metals - gold and silver;
development of technical sciences and knowledge;
serious discoveries in navigation, the appearance of the most important navigational instruments - the astrolabe and the compass;
development of cartography.

The catalyst for the Great Geographical Discoveries was the unfortunate fact that Constantinople in the Middle Ages was under the rule of the Ottoman Turks, who prevented the direct trade of European powers with India and China.

Great travelers and their geographical discoveries

If we consider the periodization of the Great geographical discoveries, then the first who gave the Western world new routes and unlimited opportunities were the Portuguese navigators. The British, Spaniards and Russians did not lag behind them, who also saw great prospects in the conquest of new lands. Their names are forever included in the history of navigation.

Bartolomeu Dias - Portuguese navigator, who in 1488, in search of a convenient direction to India, circled Africa, discovered the Cape of Good Hope and became the first European to find himself in the waters of the Indian Ocean.
- it is with his name that they associate the discovery in 1492 of the whole continent - America.

Rice. 2. Christopher Columbus.

Vasco da Gama - Commander of the Portuguese expedition, who in 1498 managed to pave a direct trade route from Europe to Asia.

For several years, from 1498 to 1502, Christopher Columbus, Alonso Ojeda, Amerigo Vespucci and many other navigators from Spain and Portugal carefully explored the northern coast of South America. However, acquaintance with Western conquerors did not bring local residents nothing good - in pursuit of easy money, they showed themselves extremely aggressively and cruelly.

Vasca Nuñens Balboa - In 1513, the brave Spaniard was the first to cross the Isthmus of Panama and discover the Pacific Ocean.
Ferdinand Magellan - the first person in history who in 1519-1522 made a trip around the world, thereby proving that the Earth has the shape of a ball.
Abel Tasman - opened Australia and New Zealand to the Western world in 1642-1643.
Semyon Dezhnev - Russian traveler and explorer who was able to find the strait connecting Asia with North America.

Results of the Great geographical discoveries

The great geographical discoveries significantly accelerated the transition from the Middle Ages to the New Age, with its most important achievements and the flourishing of most European states.

What have we learned?

When studying the topic “Great geographical discoveries” in the 6th grade geography program, we learned briefly about the great geographical discoveries, their significance in world history. We also made a brief overview of the greatest personalities who managed to make important discoveries in the geography of the Earth.

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Italian traveler Marco Polo (1254-1324). In 1271-75 he traveled to China, where he lived approx. 17 years. In 1292-95 he returned to Italy by sea. The “Book” (1298) written from his words is one of the first sources of European knowledge about the countries of Central, East. and Yuzh. Asia.

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This is a period in the history of mankind, which began in the 15th century and lasted until the 17th century, during which Europeans discovered new lands and sea routes to Africa, America, Asia and Oceania in search of new trading partners and sources of goods that were in great demand in Europe. Historians usually relate the "Great Discoveries" to the pioneering long-distance sea voyages of Portuguese and Spanish travelers in search of alternative trade routes to the "India" for gold, silver and spices.

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He was the first truly known traveler to cross the Atlantic Ocean and sail in the Caribbean. He marked the beginning of the discovery of the mainland of South America. He discovered all the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, etc.), Lesser Antilles and about. Trinidad. In his first expedition, he equipped 3 ships: “Santa Maria”, “Pinta”, “Nina”. In total, Columbus made 4 voyages to America. In honor of Columbus are named: State in South America - Colombia Mount Cristobal Colon in Colombia. District of Columbia in the USA. Columbia River in the USA and Canada. Cities in USA Columbus and Columbia. Streets in Volgograd and Astrakhan, squares in New York and Zelenogad. thin John Vanderline. Landing of Columbus in America.

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Columbus can be called the discoverer of America with reservations. Even in the Middle Ages, the Icelandic Vikings visited North America, but nothing was known about this outside of Scandinavia. It was the expeditions of Columbus that made information about America public domain. The first island of Bahamas was opened on October 12, 1492. Map of the four expeditions of Columbus. Queen Isabella of Castile and Columbus Columbus Monument in Bremerhaven, Germany Replica of the Santa Maria ship.

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Florentine traveler. There is an opinion that he received this nickname or named himself in honor of the already named continent. As a navigator, he took part in expeditions to new lands in 1499 using the maps of Columbus, and gave them the name Venezuela - Little Venice, discovered the Amazon delta and also mapped 22 objects. In 1500-1504 he made two more trips from Portugal to the lands of the new continent. From 1505 he served as helmsman in the Spanish service for travels to India. According to legend, Christopher Columbus believed until the end of his days that he had discovered a new route to India. But the opinion soon spread that it was not India that was discovered, but a new continent. One of the first supporters of this version was Amerigo Vespucci, whose name the new part of the world acquired. It is believed that the term itself New World” could have been proposed in 1503 by the same Vespucci, but this opinion is disputed.

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Participated in equipping the second and third expeditions of Columbus, maintained friendly relations with him. According to the stories of his contemporaries, Amerigo was an exceptionally fair, intelligent and observant person. He had the talent of a writer, quite often exaggerated, talking about the nature and people of new lands, but never talk about the leaders of the expeditions and about your role in these expeditions. In honor of Amerigo Vespucci was named: Three-deck training frigate, launched in February 1931 in Naples. Airport in the Italian city of Florence. Main street in the city of Lima, the capital of Chile. Bridge thrown over the Arno River in the Italian city of Florence. Section of the embankment of the Arno River in Florence. AMERICUS VESPUCHIUS

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Portuguese navigator, known as the first European who made a sea voyage to India. On July 8, 1497, 4 ships left Lisbon: 2 large three-masted ships “San Gabriel” (flagship) and “San Rafael”, a light caravel “Berriu” and a transport ship for transporting supplies. Were in disarray best cards and navigational devices. A Brazilian football club is named after a city in Goa The longest bridge in Europe in Lisbon is named. The Adidas soccer sword model is named after the ship's logbook. Monument to Vasco da Gamma in front of the church in Sines.

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Only 5 years before his death, da Gamma received land holdings and the title of count. Only 2 ships returned after the expedition in September 1499. Nevertheless, from a financial point of view, the expedition was unusually successful - the proceeds of goods brought from India 60 times exceeded the costs of the expedition. Padran - a stone pillar with the image of the royal coat of arms of Portugal and an inscription - was placed as a sign of the transition of the territory under the control of Portugal. Padran at the Cape of Good Hope.

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English naval officer, explorer, cartographer, Fellow of the Royal Society. He led three expeditions to explore the oceans, all were around the world. He explored and mapped the east coast of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. February 14, 1779 was killed by the inhabitants of the Hawaiian Islands. After the military operation, some parts of Kuku's body were returned by the natives and buried at sea. 1st expedition - ship "Endeavour" 2nd expedition - 2 ships "Resolution" and "Adventure" 3rd expedition - 2 ships "Resolution" and "Discovery" In honor of Cook named: Strait between the islands of New Zealand. Islands in the Pacific. Mountain on the islands of New Zealand. Cooktown in Australia. Bay off the coast of Alaska. The Apollo 12 spacecraft module was named after Endeavor.

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